Tax audit · Checklist

Last reviewed: 25 September 2026. Form 3CD is a questionnaire pretending to be a form — and every clause maps to documents. Assemble the pack before the audit starts and the season is administrative; assemble it during and everything runs late. Applicability and due dates live in the 44AB guide; this is the pack itself.

Deadline check (AY 2026-27): the tax audit report under section 44AB is due by 30 September 2026, and Form 3CEB for transfer pricing cases by 31 October 2026. No CBDT extension had been notified when this page was reviewed; check the e-filing portal before relying on any other date. A late or missing audit report can attract a penalty under section 271B of 0.5% of turnover, capped at ₹1,50,000.

This pack is for the FY 2025-26 audit season, which stays under the Income-tax Act, 1961, so the 1961 section numbers used below are the correct ones for this year's report.

The core books set

  • Trial balance, ledgers, cash/bank books — closed, not “nearly closed”
  • Bank statements for every account, reconciled
  • Sales/purchase registers tying to GST returns (the first cross-check every auditor runs)
  • Stock records/valuation working as your method requires
  • Fixed-asset register with additions/deletions and depreciation working

Clause-driven documents (the ones assembled late every year)

3CD clauseAreaDocuments to keep ready
Clause 21Inadmissible amounts, including cash payments (40A(3))Expense analysis; exception log with reasons and evidence for any threshold-crossing cash payment
Clause 22MSME payments: 43B(h) and interest under section 23 of the MSMED ActUdyam status of each supplier, agreed credit terms, invoice-wise ageing and payment dates
Clause 23Related parties (40A(2)(b))Relative/entity list, transactions summary, pricing basis notes
Clause 2643B statutory duesPayment proofs (before the return due date) for GST, PF, ESI, bonus, leave encashment and similar dues
Clause 31Loans and deposits (269SS, 269ST, 269T)Loan agreements/confirmations, mode-of-transaction proof, squared-up accounts list
Clause 34TDS/TCS complianceDeduction registers, challans, returns, defaults-and-cures summary
Clause 44Break-up of expenditure by GST registration status of the vendorVendor master with GSTINs and composition status; expense ledger export
Form 3CEB (section 92E)International transactions of subsidiaries and branches of foreign companiesIntercompany agreements, benchmarking study, invoice and payment trail
—GST cross-mapTurnover reconciliation books ↔ GSTR-1/3B ↔ e-invoice data
—Presumptive/method questionsPrior-year positions, method notes, deviation explanations

For an Indian subsidiary of a foreign group, the 3CEB file usually takes longer than the 3CD pack; our foreign subsidiary accounting and FEMA support covers the intercompany side.

Worked example: the turnover bridge

A Thane distributor's books show revenue of ₹4,82,00,000 for FY 2025-26, but its GSTR-1 returns for the same months total ₹4,95,40,000. The auditor will ask for this bridge on day one:

ItemAmount (₹)
Taxable value in GSTR-1, April 2025 to March 20264,95,40,000
Less: FY 2024-25 invoices reported in the April 2025 GSTR-1(3,10,000)
Add: March 2026 invoices reported in the April 2026 GSTR-12,20,000
Less: credit notes booked in the accounts, not yet reported in GSTR-1(8,50,000)
Less: stock transfers to an other-state branch (taxable in GST, not revenue in the books)(4,00,000)
Revenue as per books4,82,00,000

Each line needs its own support: an invoice list, the credit notes and the branch transfer register. An unexplained difference turns into a question in the report and, often, in scrutiny later.

From tax year 2026-27: new section numbers

Next year's audit (income of FY 2026-27) will be under the Income-tax Act, 2025. The tax audit moves to section 63 (old 44AB); cash payments to section 36(4) (old 40A(3)); MSME payments to section 37(2)(g) (old 43B(h)); cash loans and repayments to sections 185 and 188 (old 269SS and 269T), with cash receipts in section 186 (old 269ST); the penalty to section 446 (old 271B); and the transfer pricing report to section 172 (old 92E). The audit report forms are being renumbered under the new Rules, so confirm the current form on the portal before filing.

Assemble like a professional

  • One indexed folder per 3CD area — auditors bill time; indexes save it
  • Every schedule reconciles to the trial balance or explains why not
  • Last year’s audit observations answered IN WRITING before this year starts

Frequently asked questions

When should the pack be ready?

Weeks before the audit-report due date, not days. For AY 2026-27 the tax audit report is due by 30 September 2026 unless CBDT extends it, so a pack still being built in the last week of September is already late.

What happens if the audit report is late?

Section 271B of the 1961 Act allows a penalty of 0.5% of turnover or gross receipts, capped at ₹1,50,000, unless there was reasonable cause. From tax year 2026-27 the same penalty sits in section 446 of the Income-tax Act, 2025.

Our books are on Zoho/Tally — is export enough?

Exports are the start; the pack is exports PLUS the reconciliations and clause documents no software emits by itself. The system saves typing, not thinking.

What does the auditor check first?

Turnover ties: books vs GST returns vs e-invoice data — because it is fast and revealing. Walk in with that bridge done and the tone of the audit changes.

We have unsecured loans from family. What papers?

Confirmations with PAN, banking-channel proof, and terms — the loans clauses are where informal borrowings meet formal questions; paper them before the audit asks.

Is the MSME 43B(h) working really the auditee’s job?

The data (vendor classification, ageing) can only come from your records — auditors verify, they cannot invent it. Build it once and it also feeds MSME-1 where applicable.

We are the Indian subsidiary of a foreign company. What else goes in the pack?

The transfer pricing file: intercompany agreements, the benchmarking study, invoices and payment trail for every international transaction, and the data for Form 3CEB under section 92E. For AY 2026-27 Form 3CEB is due by 31 October 2026. From tax year 2026-27 the accountant's report sits in section 172 of the Income-tax Act, 2025.

Can prior-year observations just be ignored?

They repeat until cured — and repeated observations read badly in credit and scrutiny alike. The written “fixed because” note is cheap credibility.

Who signs what — us or the auditor?

Management representations and the underlying facts are yours; the audit report is the auditor’s. The pack exists so both signatures rest on evidence.

Can the CA who writes our books also be our tax auditor?

No. ICAI's Council guidelines bar a chartered accountant from accepting the tax audit of an entity whose books he, or his firm, writes. If one firm closes your books, a different, independent firm must carry out the tax audit.

Does a clean pack lower audit fees?

Auditors price time and risk — indexed packs cut both. No promises, but the incentive alignment is real.

Audit season is now — is the pack ready?

For clients where we are not the statutory tax auditor, we close books, build the clause-wise pack and reconciliations, and support the audit through to signature.

Tax Audit SupportBooks ClosureRequest a Scope Discussion

This article is a general educational summary as on 25 September 2026 and is not professional advice or an assurance of any approval, registration or outcome — departmental decisions rest with the authorities on each case’s facts. Requirements change; verify current rules or discuss your specific case before acting.